Driving distractions are a popular area of research. Recent studies have examined what distracts drivers and what other lapses in awareness may contribute to traffic accidents. The goal of this article is to review the research and explain how change blindness can affect driving. One lack of awareness that appears to have a connection to road accidents is blindness to change. Rensink (2002) proposed that change blindness occurs when a change within the scene goes unnoticed, due to the inability or difficulty to detect it. Resink (2002) also explained that change blindness can occur during a disruption in vision, such as an eye movement or a blink. Lees, Sparks, Lee, and Rizzo (2007) examined the high number of traffic accidents among older adults and conducted research to reveal some of the most common risk factors. Lees et al. (2007) used two types of attention-related tasks to carry out their research: useful visual field and change blindness. Useful visual field refers to memory and decision-making tasks, while change blindness refers to vision and attention (Lees et al., 2007). While both are important, attention is what is needed to notice changes; attention determines the ability to highlight changes and look at an image as a whole (Pringle, Irwin, Kramer, & Atchley, 2001). The experiment used both a driving simulator and real driving conditions. While participants were in the driving simulator, controlled “dangerous” objects were added to the driving conditions. Lees et al. (2007) then asked participants to explain what those dangerous objects were (e.g., a vehicle that failed to stop at a stop sign) and were assessed to see whether they behaved appropriately. If participants acted out…half of the paper…Pringle, H.L., Irwin, D.E., Kramer, A.F., & Atchley, P. (2001). The role of attentional breadth in the detection of perceptual change. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(1), 89-95. Rensink, R. A. (2002). Change tracking. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 245-277. Silverman, M. E., & Mack, A. (2006). Changing blindness and priming: when it occurs and when it does not occur. Consciousness and cognition: An International Journal, 15(2), 409-422. Velichkovsky, B. M., Dornhoefer, S. M., Kopf, M., Helmert, J., & Joos, M. (2002). Change detection and occlusion modes in road traffic scenarios. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior, 5(2), 99-109. White, C. B., & Caird, J. K. (2010). The blind date: The effects of change blindness, passenger conversation, and gender on LBFTS (looked at but failed to see) errors. Accident analysis and prevention, 42(6), 1822-1830.
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