Topic > Problem of induction - 1208

In the selection 'Skeptical doubts regarding the operations of the intellect', David Hume poses a problem for knowledge of the world. This question is related to the problem of induction. David Hume was one of the first to decide to analyze this problem. He begins the selection by giving his form of division of human knowledge, and then discusses reasoning and its dependence on experience. Hume states that people believe that the future will resemble the past, but we have no evidence to support this belief. In this article I will clarify the forms of knowledge and reasoning and examine Hume's problem of induction, which presents a challenge to the theory of justified true belief because we lack justification for our beliefs. The problem of induction has a close relationship with inductive reasoning and the expression “a posteriori”. There are two distinct methods of reasoning: deductive and inductive approaches. A deductive argument is truth-preserving where if the premises are true it follows that the conclusion will also be true. Deductive reasoning goes from the general to the particular. On the other hand, an inductive argument is an argument that can contain true premises but still have a false conclusion. Induction or inductive reasoning is the form of reasoning in which we draw a conclusion about future experience or presence based on past experience. The problem of induction also has a connection with the expressions “a priori” and “a posteriori”. The truth in the a priori statement is built into the statement itself, and the truth is taken as common knowledge or justification without the need for experimentation. Instead, to determine whether a pos...... middle of paper ......first, I can conclude that my laptop will persist in the future. We may think we have justified our belief by providing these two premises as reasoning. However, we have justified it through induction, and Hume says we have no reason to believe in inductive argument. Our argument becomes weak, since the second premise is not supported. The problem of induction raised by Hume is a challenge to the explanation of justified true belief because it shows how our inductive argument about the future and the unobserved does not provide good support. Therefore, we cannot obtain a justified belief by applying the inductive principle. Works Cited Hume, D. (1748). Skeptical doubts about the operations of the intellect. In T. S. Gendler, S. Siegel, S. M. Cahn (Eds.), The Elements of Philosophy: Readings from the Past and the Present (pp. 422-428). New York, New York: Oxford University Press.