Sensation is a basic innate response to external stimuli. It allows any organism or human to respond to a potentially dangerous situation. Basic responses such as shivering and sweating help keep the body at the optimal temperature so that basic cellular functions can progress properly. Nerves normally transmit signals between the brain and the body to enable communication and perception of the external world and internal matters. A vast wiring of peripheral and autonomic nerves, along with the spinal cord and brain, communicate in split-second reactions. These split-second reactions that control heart rate, fight/flight, body temperature, and other reactions we take for granted. A network of highly sensitive nerve endings has evolved throughout the body so that we can sense danger and respond in a timely manner. Very basic functions like eye irritation and joint discomfort can be easily noticed and resolved due to the nerves. However, for a very small percentage of the population this is not the case. Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare disease that causes infected people to have no reaction to pain and, in most cases, even lose their sense of smell. Congenital analgesia is a rare condition that prevents people from experiencing the senses due to a mutation on the NTRK1 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 1 between position 21 and position 22 {1}. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, which means that the infected person must receive the allele from both parents. Someone with only one CIPA allele is a carrier but has no signs of the disease. Mutations in the NTRK1 gene cause a protein not to be activated by phosphorylation (2). Without protein function... middle of paper... He had frequent high fevers but never showed signs of sweating or pain during the episodes. He was then recorded as self-mutilated body parts and biting the tips of his fingers and tongue (9). There is currently no treatment for congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis. A person with this condition must constantly manage injuries and infections to live a healthy life. For this reason, infected people rarely live beyond the age of 30 due to the physical burden the body experiences on a daily basis (1). Fortunately, it is a very rare condition and fewer than 100 cases have been documented in the scientific literature (1). Those infected with CIPA must take extra precautions but can lead a semi-normal life with adequate protection. It is still rare at this time for patients to live normal lives due to multiple complications.