Culture is the pattern of behavior that repeats itself and over time becomes a way of life for a particular group of people within a country, an organization and a family. However, people often fail to see how culture influences their thinking or behavior since most people are heavily immersed in their culture. To overcome this, there are many kinds of tips to compare countries on cultural similarities and cultural differences across borders. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get Original Essay Therefore, Hofstede's cultural dimensions are one of the most used and well-known frameworks which includes 6 cultural dimensions such as power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long/short-term orientation term and moderation/indulgence introduced by Geert Hofstede. Gerard Hendrik Hofstede or well known as Geert Hofstede born 2 October 1928 is a Dutch researcher in the fields of organization studies, cultural organization and economics and cultural management. He is also a former IBM employee and professor emeritus of organizational anthropology and international management at Maastricht University, the Netherlands, known for his pioneering research on cross-cultural groups and organizations. With this, his most notable work was the development of cultural dimensions theory along six cultural dimensions which are Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Hofstede's cultural dimensions were aimed at a large database of cultural statistics. Hofstede analyzed the results and found clear patterns of similarity and difference between responses along these six dimensions that represent independent preferences for one state of affairs over another and that distinguish countries rather than individuals from each other. As a result, culture can be used meaningfully with respect to this model of 6 cultural dimensions. The first dimension is power distance. This refers to the degree of inequality that exists and is accepted between people with and without power. A high power distance score indicates that society accepts an unequal distribution of power and that people understand their position in the pecking order or in recognition of the status quo. For example, in the workplace, employees tend to recognize the authority of the boss and lead to a centralized structure and autocratic leadership. This is because power inequalities are normal as evidence in hierarchical leader-subordinate relationship usually for countries like Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Mexico. While low power distance means that power is shared and well dispersed it shows that members of society see each other as equal. For example, in the workplace superiors and subordinates show an attitude to see each other as equal in terms of power, resulting in greater harmony and cooperation as in Scandinavian countries and New Zealand. The second cultural dimension is individualism/collectivism which refers to the strength of bonds between people. have to others within the community. Individualism defines people who take care of themselves and their immediate family, neglecting only the needs of society. Countries with a high individualism score have a lack of interpersonal connection and little sharing of responsibilities, beyond family and perhaps a few close friends, where the primary task takes precedence over the relationship. For example, hiring a family member in your organization was labeled as nepotism and notliked or was considered illegal in many organizations such as the United States, Great Britain and Australia. While collectivism defines belonging to groups that care for them in exchange for loyalty. A low level of individualism shows more collectivism which would have strong group cohesion and bring a great deal of loyalty in respecting the members of the groups. For example, hiring and promotion practices are based on paternalism such as Japan, Pakistan and Panama. The third cultural dimension model is masculinity/femininity. This dimension does not refer to the roles of men and women but refers to the value that typically characterizes the two genders in order to determine how much society sticks to values ​​and tradition. A high masculinity score defines a culture's values ​​such as competitiveness, assertiveness, ambition, and power which represent a preference in society for achievement, heroism, assertiveness, and material reward for success. For example, women are generally expected to stay at home and raise a family, and most senior managers will be men, as in Japan and Mexico. While low masculinity indicates a culture of femininity that places greater value on relationships and quality of life, it is distinguished by a preference for cooperation, modesty, caring for the weak, and quality of life. For example, in the organization they tend to have more women in high level jobs which will bring less conflict or work stress and a reduced need for assertiveness like countries of Denmark and Sweden. Hofstede's fourth cultural dimension is uncertainty avoidance related to the degree of anxiety in society Tolerance of situations of uncertainty or ambiguity reflects the extent to which members of society attempt to cope with anxiety by minimizing uncertainty. Therefore, a high uncertainty avoidance score demonstrates a culture that is more emotional and seeks to minimize unknown and unusual circumstances through more careful changes in planning and implementation of rules, laws and regulations. For example, managers tend to make low-risk decisions, employees show little aggression, and lifetime employment is common. While for a low uncertainty avoidance score, most people accept and feel comfortable in unstructured situations of changing environments, are more tolerant of change and try to have as few rules as possible. For example, managers are willing to take more risks and there is high job mobility such as Denmark, Great Britain and the United States. The fifth cultural dimension of the model is long/short-term orientation which indicates how much society values ​​the long-lasting over short-term traditions and values. The long-term orientation dimension has to do with the society showing an ability to adapt traditions to changing conditions, a strong propensity to save and thrifty investment which leads to perseverance in achieving results. For example, acceptance of the outcome of doing something may take time to achieve and compliance with social and status obligations within certain limits. However, for short-term orientation, it is necessary to determine normative thinking and focus on achieving quick results so that people expect short-term rewards from their work. For example, do something related to the results and goals already set and which can be achieved within a time frame and regardless of costs. The final cultural dimension of the model is indulgence/moderation where indulgence tends to allow relatively free gratification of human desiresfundamental and natural correlates of enjoying life and having fun in moderation is the belief that such gratification must be curbed and regulated by rigid social norms. Example of indulgence that includes more people active in sport and greater importance of free time and most people declare themselves very happy. In addition to this, restraint shows a perception of helplessness, fewer people actively involved in sport and a reduced importance of free time. In conclusion, Hofstede's cultural dimension helps people increase their awareness of cultural differences, provide a general overview and rough understanding of others. cultures in order to have respectful intercultural relationships. In intercultural communication, Hofstede's cultural dimension developed by Geert Hofstede plays a role as a structural theory that shows the effect of a society's culture on the value of its members in relation to behavior which instead uses this model to determine national cultures. Therefore, using this framework can help people understand the differences in Pakistani culture between countries and distinguish between different national cultures. The cultural profiling rate in Pakistan is the origin and latest from the Hofstede Insight website. The first dimension is power distance, indicated by Pakistan with an intermediate score and has a rather high power distance rating of 55% which shows that it is not possible to determine a preference for Pakistan in this dimension. For example, Pakistanis generally favor a hierarchical society where everyone is aware of their role and accepts the pecking order. Therefore, communication in Pakistani culture is very important because the communication style could influence the social hierarchy as well as Pakistan is a collectivist society. The second cultural dimension is individualism/collectivism. Pakistan shows a low individualism score of 14%, considering that this culture is a collectivistic society. Pakistanis focus more on the well-being of the group than the individual for their success, with loyalty and responsibility as the main factor in saving face. For example, family ties are strong in Pakistan and define family first due to religious, cultural, economic and social value. Pakistani society is not driven by individualism where family and other relationships are strong. The third cultural dimension model is masculinity/femininity. It shows that Pakistan scores 50% on this dimension, given an intermediate score, it cannot be said that Pakistan has a preference for masculinity or femininity. Sometimes, Pakistan is known as a male-dominated society. For example, in Pakistani culture the male member of the family enjoys a key position as the family was headed by a male and was the only source of income for other family members. However, Pakistanis are very hospitable as the culture of femininity tends towards a soft approach especially with guests, tourists and national or international visitors. For example, Pakistanis encourage showing love and respect towards guests because of the culture and religion of Islam which teaches that they must receive the best treatment possible because a guest is a blessing from God. Hofstede's fourth cultural dimension is l 'uncertainty avoidance which shows that Pakistan had scored 70% on this dimension and has a high preference for uncertainty avoidance. Pakistani culture dictates that rules, precision and regimented activity are valued because they can influence the emotional sphere. ToFor example, Pakistanis believe that safety is an important element in individual motivation and try to avoid and minimize any innovation that could lead to risk taking. This is because Pakistanis may feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations. The fifth cultural dimension of the model is long/short term orientation which shows Pakistan with an intermediate score of 50%. It's difficult to indicate a preference. It can be defined in both orientations i.e. Pakistanis can show long-term orientation as Pakistanis are a very collectivist society that more considers the well-being of long relationships and achievements for the good of the group. However, Pakistanis can also show a short-term orientation by strongly avoiding uncertainty that results and outcomes must be achieved within a period of time because time is money and punctuality is a norm for them. The final cultural dimension of the model is indulgence/moderation. Pakistan shows an extremely low score of 0% on this dimension, it can be said to be a very secretive society and has a tendency towards cynicism and pessimism. Although Pakistanis do not place much emphasis on leisure and do not control the gratification of their desires, Pakistanis love sports, especially cricket introduced by the English in Pakistan. Other sports such as hockey, squash and badminton are also widely played and enjoyed. These sports or games can reflect our cultural identity. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pakistan's Cultural Diversity Basic knowledge about cultural diversity is very important to help us understand different perspectives and help dispel negative stereotypes and personal prejudices about different groups both within and within the country. However, instead of increasing our level of understanding of other cultures through cultural diversity, there are also advantages and disadvantages of cultural diversity within the country due to many different cultures, such as the culture of Pakistan, which has an influence very diverse part of that country with over 165 million people with different cultures. social, ethnic, linguistic and cultural circumstances. Besides that, there are over 15 major ethnic groups in Pakistan that differ in physical characteristics, historical bloodlines, customs, clothing, food, and music. There are many benefits due to cultural diversity in Pakistan. First, a different ethnic group will still be guided by the same national identity. This is because, ideologically, Pakistan is well known as an Islamic State. Therefore, the culture of Pakistan is mainly based on the Islamic lifestyle. For example, all cultural aspects in Pakistan are inspired by Islam and people with some linguistic differences, customs and traditions commonly follow one religion which is Islam. Beyond that, a diverse society encourages a relationship of well-being. Although Pakistanis have many social diversities for each ethic, they are friendly to each other and also have gender segregation. This is because, due to Islamic and tribal influences, they lead them to have conservative expectations in terms of interactions between men and women. Furthermore, these cultural and religious beliefs that are Islam encourage Pakistanis to show love and respect towards others which will make them helpful, friendly, helpful and humble. Additionally, different cultural perspectives of each ethnic group can inspire creativity such as the arts and humanities. This is because Pakistanis love listening and making music due to the cultural diversity which has exposed Pakistani musicians to many different poetic forms and styles which are uniquely related to the culture.