Human Rights Violation in regarding the violation of human rights in Xinjiang. Articles from various corners of the world and on distinct topics were studied to gain insights into China's crackdown on Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang. The report initially summarizes human rights violations against Uyghurs, such as being shaved, blindfolded, chained and mistreated in all forms. Furthermore, the report examines the attitudes of different nations such as the United States, China itself, Pakistan and even Japan. Furthermore, the political impacts of being in defense of and against Xinjiang policies are also mentioned. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay IntroductionThe Chinese government has detained more than one million Muslims in internment camps. Most of the detainees are Uighurs, a Turkic-speaking ethnic group native to China's northwestern Xinjiang region. China refuses to share information about these detention centers, preventing any kind of media coverage. United Nations officials and many foreign governments have urged China to stop this abuse which they also call “genocide.” Beginning of mass detention Since April 2017, 800,000 to 2 million Uyghurs and other Muslims such as Kazakhs and Uzbeks have been detained in these camps according to government officials and experts. Most of these Muslims have never been charged with a crime and were targeted for many reasons. The reasons range from contacting or traveling to 26 of the countries China deems sensitive such as Afghanistan and Turkey, to attending mosque services, having more than three children and sending messages of verses from the Quran. This all boils down to the fact that their only crime is being Muslim. These camps are located in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, claimed by China since the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) took power in 1949. Uyghurs living there argue that this must be However, Xinjiang, a separate region, occupies one-sixth of China's territory and borders eight countries, including Pakistan. Most experts estimate that these “re-education” efforts began as far back as 2014 and then were surprisingly expanded in 2017. Satellite imagery reveals that 39 The size of the camps nearly tripled between April 2017 and August 2018 and now covers approximately the area of 140 football pitches. The research also highlighted that spending on the construction of security-related facilities in Xinjiang increased by $2.96 billion in 2017. Situation inside the camps Due to lack of media coverage and inability for newspaper to record anything, information about conditions within the camps is limited. However, detainees who have escaped from these camps describe it as a bitter, harsh and severe terrain for detainees. They are forced to pledge allegiance to the CPP and reject Islam, as well as learn Mandarin and sing to glorify communism. Prisoners also describe it as a prison where every movement and expression is monitored through cameras and microphones. Some said they were abused and deprived of sleep during interrogations. Women shared stories of sexual abuse, including rape, and released inmates considered suicide whilesome saw their comrades kill themselves. Children whose parents are sent to camps are sent to state orphanages while parents living outside China face a difficult choice: return home. being thrown into camps or remaining abroad separated from their children. Situation outside the camps Long before the camps were established, the Chinese government was accused of repressing religious freedom and basic human rights in Xinjiang. Many aspects of Muslim life have been erased from the region. Communist Party members were recruited to stay in “Uyghur homes” in 2014 to monitor for any “extremist behavior” such as fasting during Ramadan or observing prayer. Mosques were destroyed on the grounds that they were poorly built. Uyghur women have reported forced sterilization and the insertion of intrauterine devices, as well as being threatened by officials if they have too many children. Furthermore, parents were also banned from naming their children with Islamic names. The availability of halal food has become scarce in Urumqi as the local government has launched campaigns against it. Additionally, Beijing has forced other governments to repatriate Uyghurs who fled China. In 2015, Thailand repatriated more than one hundred Uyghurs. Egypt also deported several students in 2017. The Chinese government instructed officials to gather information on Chinese Uyghurs and arrest them as soon as they returned to China. Nations Versions In 2019, 22 nations, consisting mainly of Western countries and mainly European nations, signed a letter addressed to the President of the United Nations Human Rights Council and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, urging China to end its massive “genocide” against Uyghurs. However, a list of 37 countries, mostly African and Middle Eastern, also submitted a similar letter, defending China's policies. The first letter expressed concern about “credible reports of arbitrary detentions” and “widespread surveillance and restrictions” against Uyghurs. and other minorities. The letter also called on China to uphold its commitment as a member of the Human Rights Council "to refrain from arbitrary detention and restrictions on the freedom of movement of Uyghurs and other Muslim and minority communities in Xinjiang." However, the second letter clearly expressed their opposition to the politicization of human rights and defended what Beijing calls “vocational education and training centers.” Furthermore, they justify China's efforts “anti-terrorism and deradicalization measures in Xinjiang” to combat terrorism and extremism. ChinaChinese repression of Uyghurs has been described as "re-education camps" by the Chinese government. The question arises as to why China is currently detaining Uyghurs in Xinjiang. According to Chinese officials, Uyghurs hold extremist and separatist views and see the camps as a way to eliminate threats to China's territorial integrity, government and people. Initially, Chinese officials denied the existence of these detention camps, but eventually began calling them “vocational training centers” in 2018. According to officials, the camps have only two purposes: to teach Mandarin, Chinese laws and professional skills, and to prevent citizens from being influenced by "extremist" ideas. They also pointed out that Xinjiang has not suffered any terrorist attacks since December 2016. They say the camps have prevented violence. Furthermore, the government bans foreign investigators from roaming freely in the region saying that whatever happens in Xinjiang is an internal matter. In his “secret speeches”, thePresident Xi Jinping did not explicitly call for arbitrary detention, but he laid the groundwork for repression in Xinjiang. Furthermore, he also warned against the “toxicity of religious extremism” and advocated the use of tools of “dictatorship” to eliminate Islamic extremism. Additionally, Chen Quanguo, secretary of the Xinjiang Communist Party, returned to the region in 2016 after holding a leadership position in Tibet. . Arbitrary arrests have since become widely used by regional officials. Chen has fiercely stepped up security in Xinjiang. He repeatedly called on officials to “round up all those who should be rounded up.” The CPP has pushed for all religions to attune themselves to the doctrines of the officially atheist party and the customs of Han-Chinese society under Xi. The Chinese government has come to recognize and express Islam as extremism that can be interpreted as the result of past independence movements and outbursts of violence. The uprising that erupted in Xinjiang's capital, Urumqi, in 2009, in which Uighurs protested against state-sponsored Han Chinese immigration into the region and widespread economic and cultural discrimination. About 200 people were killed, which completely changed the view of Uyghurs in Beijing's eyes. They classified them as potential terrorists or terrorist sympathizers. Future attacks on the local government office, train station, open-air market, and even Tiananmen Square in Beijing were blamed on Uyghurs. Another question that arises is whether or not economic factors are involved. It is clear that Xinjiang represents an important link in China's Belt and Road initiative, a huge development plan that expands across Asia and Europe. Xinjiang holds China's largest coal and natural gas reserves, so Beijing hopes to remove any form of separatist activity that may cause an obstacle to their development in Xinjiang. Economic benefits from resource extraction and development are discriminated against by Uyghurs while Han Chinese enjoy them. Additionally, randomly arrested Uyghurs are often sent to work in factories near detention camps. Since 2017, 80,000 previously detained Uyghurs have been sent to work in factories across China, linked to 83 international brands. Studies suggest that forced labor is an important part of China's plan to develop Xinjiang economically into a hub of textile and clothing production. China calls this “poverty alleviation.” China's use of euphemisms to tone down the most brutal form of human rights violations stems from multiple agendas. The most important ones could represent a threat to China's unanimity and the economic factor. US interference in China's internal affairs has little to do with abuses in Xinjiang, but much to do with its strategic geopolitical position and its importance for China's economic and energy cooperation with Russia and other countries in the Central Asia. Nonetheless, China views the Xinjiang genocide as “professional learning” and “eradication of terrorism.” United States of America Much of the world has condemned China's detention of Uyghurs in Xinjiang, and United Nations officials have also called for access to these camps. In January 2021, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo declared that China is committing “crimes” against humanity and “genocide” against Uyghurs, making the United States the first country to attribute such terms to Chinese abuses in Xinjiang. President Joe Biden also used the word “genocide” todescribe violations against Uyghurs and his secretary of state, Anthony Blinken, confirmed Pompeo's statement. The United States has also imposed visa restrictions on Chinese officials. They have also blacklisted abuse-affiliated agencies and companies that prevent them from purchasing U.S. products. This legislation was signed by Trump and passed with a lot of support from Congress. He also mandated that officials like Chen face sanctions for oppressing Uyghurs. Additionally, the law also ensures that US companies that sell products or operate in Xinjiang ensure that their activities do not complement violence. Islamic Republic of Pakistan While the United Nations reports highlight the genocide carried out against the Uyghur Muslims of Xinjiang in China, Pakitan decides to turn a blind eye towards it. China and Pakistan have maintained their friendship over mutual interests such as protecting and controlling the influence of their rival, India. The depth of their friendship can be witnessed by the opening of the Karakoram Highway in 1982, built explicitly for the purpose of promoting trade and building personal relationships and implicitly to strengthen political and logistical control over their borders and to address any kind of security threats external and internal. Since Pakistan is a very close ally of China due to CPEC and other economic developments, it has hidden massive human rights abuse. In this situation, Pakistani leaders obviously do not want to raise the issue to prevent the growing anti-China sentiment in the country. It would further deteriorate the safety of Chinese projects, workers and companies. Pakistan, however, is a Muslim country and a strong member of the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation). Silence on the Uighur issue can lead to a lack of credibility on the Kashmir issue as well. It has been argued that the scope of the two issues is different, however this argument will prove futile if Pakistan wants to be perceived as a true champion of Muslims and human rights. Pakistan appears to follow a pattern of having a double standard in dealing with Muslim-related issues. Japan With growing abuses of Uyghurs and exposure of Chinese genocide, Japan has begun to consider a legal basis for sanctions like those imposed by the United States and Europe. Eleven of the 82 known international brands affiliated with Uyghur forced labor were reported to be Japanese. However, "Sharp" states that it disapproves of any form of human rights abuse and that it will take action if any such abuse is found relating to their suppliers. After sanctions passed by the United States that froze the assets of four people, including Xinjiang officials, under the legislation law, there were moves to introduce a similar bill to parliament. However, ministry officials say Japan is too slow to act compared to the United States and Europe. Furthermore, Japan's current legal framework prohibits the country from imposing economic sanctions on the basis of human rights alone. The Japanese government believes that without a UN resolution, sanctions against China are highly unlikely. Obstacles to passing this bill include Chinese retaliation on the legislation. The bill would check for human rights violation in another country and designing such a framework is a difficult task. Conclusion The detention of Uighur Muslims in these camps is a threat to human rights worldwide and will continue to become fatal. problem if not.

Topic > Human Rights Violation in regarding the violation of human rights in Xinjiang. Articles from various corners of the world and on distinct topics were studied to gain insights into China's crackdown on Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang. The report initially summarizes human rights violations against Uyghurs, such as being shaved, blindfolded, chained and mistreated in all forms. Furthermore, the report examines the attitudes of different nations such as the United States, China itself, Pakistan and even Japan. Furthermore, the political impacts of being in defense of and against Xinjiang policies are also mentioned. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay IntroductionThe Chinese government has detained more than one million Muslims in internment camps. Most of the detainees are Uighurs, a Turkic-speaking ethnic group native to China's northwestern Xinjiang region. China refuses to share information about these detention centers, preventing any kind of media coverage. United Nations officials and many foreign governments have urged China to stop this abuse which they also call “genocide.” Beginning of mass detention Since April 2017, 800,000 to 2 million Uyghurs and other Muslims such as Kazakhs and Uzbeks have been detained in these camps according to government officials and experts. Most of these Muslims have never been charged with a crime and were targeted for many reasons. The reasons range from contacting or traveling to 26 of the countries China deems sensitive such as Afghanistan and Turkey, to attending mosque services, having more than three children and sending messages of verses from the Quran. This all boils down to the fact that their only crime is being Muslim. These camps are located in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, claimed by China since the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) took power in 1949. Uyghurs living there argue that this must be However, Xinjiang, a separate region, occupies one-sixth of China's territory and borders eight countries, including Pakistan. Most experts estimate that these “re-education” efforts began as far back as 2014 and then were surprisingly expanded in 2017. Satellite imagery reveals that 39 The size of the camps nearly tripled between April 2017 and August 2018 and now covers approximately the area of 140 football pitches. The research also highlighted that spending on the construction of security-related facilities in Xinjiang increased by $2.96 billion in 2017. Situation inside the camps Due to lack of media coverage and inability for newspaper to record anything, information about conditions within the camps is limited. However, detainees who have escaped from these camps describe it as a bitter, harsh and severe terrain for detainees. They are forced to pledge allegiance to the CPP and reject Islam, as well as learn Mandarin and sing to glorify communism. Prisoners also describe it as a prison where every movement and expression is monitored through cameras and microphones. Some said they were abused and deprived of sleep during interrogations. Women shared stories of sexual abuse, including rape, and released inmates considered suicide whilesome saw their comrades kill themselves. Children whose parents are sent to camps are sent to state orphanages while parents living outside China face a difficult choice: return home. being thrown into camps or remaining abroad separated from their children. Situation outside the camps Long before the camps were established, the Chinese government was accused of repressing religious freedom and basic human rights in Xinjiang. Many aspects of Muslim life have been erased from the region. Communist Party members were recruited to stay in “Uyghur homes” in 2014 to monitor for any “extremist behavior” such as fasting during Ramadan or observing prayer. Mosques were destroyed on the grounds that they were poorly built. Uyghur women have reported forced sterilization and the insertion of intrauterine devices, as well as being threatened by officials if they have too many children. Furthermore, parents were also banned from naming their children with Islamic names. The availability of halal food has become scarce in Urumqi as the local government has launched campaigns against it. Additionally, Beijing has forced other governments to repatriate Uyghurs who fled China. In 2015, Thailand repatriated more than one hundred Uyghurs. Egypt also deported several students in 2017. The Chinese government instructed officials to gather information on Chinese Uyghurs and arrest them as soon as they returned to China. Nations Versions In 2019, 22 nations, consisting mainly of Western countries and mainly European nations, signed a letter addressed to the President of the United Nations Human Rights Council and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, urging China to end its massive “genocide” against Uyghurs. However, a list of 37 countries, mostly African and Middle Eastern, also submitted a similar letter, defending China's policies. The first letter expressed concern about “credible reports of arbitrary detentions” and “widespread surveillance and restrictions” against Uyghurs. and other minorities. The letter also called on China to uphold its commitment as a member of the Human Rights Council "to refrain from arbitrary detention and restrictions on the freedom of movement of Uyghurs and other Muslim and minority communities in Xinjiang." However, the second letter clearly expressed their opposition to the politicization of human rights and defended what Beijing calls “vocational education and training centers.” Furthermore, they justify China's efforts “anti-terrorism and deradicalization measures in Xinjiang” to combat terrorism and extremism. ChinaChinese repression of Uyghurs has been described as "re-education camps" by the Chinese government. The question arises as to why China is currently detaining Uyghurs in Xinjiang. According to Chinese officials, Uyghurs hold extremist and separatist views and see the camps as a way to eliminate threats to China's territorial integrity, government and people. Initially, Chinese officials denied the existence of these detention camps, but eventually began calling them “vocational training centers” in 2018. According to officials, the camps have only two purposes: to teach Mandarin, Chinese laws and professional skills, and to prevent citizens from being influenced by "extremist" ideas. They also pointed out that Xinjiang has not suffered any terrorist attacks since December 2016. They say the camps have prevented violence. Furthermore, the government bans foreign investigators from roaming freely in the region saying that whatever happens in Xinjiang is an internal matter. In his “secret speeches”, thePresident Xi Jinping did not explicitly call for arbitrary detention, but he laid the groundwork for repression in Xinjiang. Furthermore, he also warned against the “toxicity of religious extremism” and advocated the use of tools of “dictatorship” to eliminate Islamic extremism. Additionally, Chen Quanguo, secretary of the Xinjiang Communist Party, returned to the region in 2016 after holding a leadership position in Tibet. . Arbitrary arrests have since become widely used by regional officials. Chen has fiercely stepped up security in Xinjiang. He repeatedly called on officials to “round up all those who should be rounded up.” The CPP has pushed for all religions to attune themselves to the doctrines of the officially atheist party and the customs of Han-Chinese society under Xi. The Chinese government has come to recognize and express Islam as extremism that can be interpreted as the result of past independence movements and outbursts of violence. The uprising that erupted in Xinjiang's capital, Urumqi, in 2009, in which Uighurs protested against state-sponsored Han Chinese immigration into the region and widespread economic and cultural discrimination. About 200 people were killed, which completely changed the view of Uyghurs in Beijing's eyes. They classified them as potential terrorists or terrorist sympathizers. Future attacks on the local government office, train station, open-air market, and even Tiananmen Square in Beijing were blamed on Uyghurs. Another question that arises is whether or not economic factors are involved. It is clear that Xinjiang represents an important link in China's Belt and Road initiative, a huge development plan that expands across Asia and Europe. Xinjiang holds China's largest coal and natural gas reserves, so Beijing hopes to remove any form of separatist activity that may cause an obstacle to their development in Xinjiang. Economic benefits from resource extraction and development are discriminated against by Uyghurs while Han Chinese enjoy them. Additionally, randomly arrested Uyghurs are often sent to work in factories near detention camps. Since 2017, 80,000 previously detained Uyghurs have been sent to work in factories across China, linked to 83 international brands. Studies suggest that forced labor is an important part of China's plan to develop Xinjiang economically into a hub of textile and clothing production. China calls this “poverty alleviation.” China's use of euphemisms to tone down the most brutal form of human rights violations stems from multiple agendas. The most important ones could represent a threat to China's unanimity and the economic factor. US interference in China's internal affairs has little to do with abuses in Xinjiang, but much to do with its strategic geopolitical position and its importance for China's economic and energy cooperation with Russia and other countries in the Central Asia. Nonetheless, China views the Xinjiang genocide as “professional learning” and “eradication of terrorism.” United States of America Much of the world has condemned China's detention of Uyghurs in Xinjiang, and United Nations officials have also called for access to these camps. In January 2021, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo declared that China is committing “crimes” against humanity and “genocide” against Uyghurs, making the United States the first country to attribute such terms to Chinese abuses in Xinjiang. President Joe Biden also used the word “genocide” todescribe violations against Uyghurs and his secretary of state, Anthony Blinken, confirmed Pompeo's statement. The United States has also imposed visa restrictions on Chinese officials. They have also blacklisted abuse-affiliated agencies and companies that prevent them from purchasing U.S. products. This legislation was signed by Trump and passed with a lot of support from Congress. He also mandated that officials like Chen face sanctions for oppressing Uyghurs. Additionally, the law also ensures that US companies that sell products or operate in Xinjiang ensure that their activities do not complement violence. Islamic Republic of Pakistan While the United Nations reports highlight the genocide carried out against the Uyghur Muslims of Xinjiang in China, Pakitan decides to turn a blind eye towards it. China and Pakistan have maintained their friendship over mutual interests such as protecting and controlling the influence of their rival, India. The depth of their friendship can be witnessed by the opening of the Karakoram Highway in 1982, built explicitly for the purpose of promoting trade and building personal relationships and implicitly to strengthen political and logistical control over their borders and to address any kind of security threats external and internal. Since Pakistan is a very close ally of China due to CPEC and other economic developments, it has hidden massive human rights abuse. In this situation, Pakistani leaders obviously do not want to raise the issue to prevent the growing anti-China sentiment in the country. It would further deteriorate the safety of Chinese projects, workers and companies. Pakistan, however, is a Muslim country and a strong member of the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation). Silence on the Uighur issue can lead to a lack of credibility on the Kashmir issue as well. It has been argued that the scope of the two issues is different, however this argument will prove futile if Pakistan wants to be perceived as a true champion of Muslims and human rights. Pakistan appears to follow a pattern of having a double standard in dealing with Muslim-related issues. Japan With growing abuses of Uyghurs and exposure of Chinese genocide, Japan has begun to consider a legal basis for sanctions like those imposed by the United States and Europe. Eleven of the 82 known international brands affiliated with Uyghur forced labor were reported to be Japanese. However, "Sharp" states that it disapproves of any form of human rights abuse and that it will take action if any such abuse is found relating to their suppliers. After sanctions passed by the United States that froze the assets of four people, including Xinjiang officials, under the legislation law, there were moves to introduce a similar bill to parliament. However, ministry officials say Japan is too slow to act compared to the United States and Europe. Furthermore, Japan's current legal framework prohibits the country from imposing economic sanctions on the basis of human rights alone. The Japanese government believes that without a UN resolution, sanctions against China are highly unlikely. Obstacles to passing this bill include Chinese retaliation on the legislation. The bill would check for human rights violation in another country and designing such a framework is a difficult task. Conclusion The detention of Uighur Muslims in these camps is a threat to human rights worldwide and will continue to become fatal. problem if not.