Topic > American Identity: "I Hear America Singing" and "Chicago"

IntroductionWalt Whitman and Carl Sandburg, two titans of American poetry, each contributed to the literary tapestry of the United States through their evocative depictions of American life. Whitman's "I Hear America Singing" and Sandburg's "Chicago" serve as vibrant celebrations of the American spirit, but approach the subject through distinct lenses. Whitman's poetry exudes a harmonious and optimistic portrait of the collective American experience, while Sandburg's work offers a more raw and nuanced depiction of urban life. This essay seeks to explore the thematic, stylistic, and tonal differences between these two iconic poems, examining how each contributes to the broader understanding of American identity. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Body Paragraph Whitman's "I Hear America Singing," originally published in his seminal work "Leaves of Grass," is a quintessential expression of his transcendentalist beliefs and democratic ideals. The poem is structured as a catalog of various American workers—mechanics, carpenters, bricklayers, and mothers—each contributing their own unique “song” to the nation's collective symphony. Whitman uses a free verse structure, which reflects the freedom and individuality he celebrates so fervently. His language is simple but profound, imbued with a sense of optimism and unity. The repetition of the word "sing" emphasizes the inherent joy and pride that Whitman associates with honest work and individual contribution. Each worker is portrayed as an integral part of the American fabric, reflecting Whitman's idealistic vision of a harmonious and egalitarian society. In stark contrast, Sandburg's "Chicago" presents a more complex and gritty portrait of American urban life. Published in 1914, the poem reflects the reality of an industrializing nation, capturing both the vitality and challenges of city life. Sandburg opens with a series of epithets – “Hog Butcher for the World, / Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat, / Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler” – that immediately establish the town's rough and industrious character. Unlike Whitman's smooth depiction, Sandburg's images are raw and visceral, capturing the duality of strength and struggle, pride and pain. The poem's free verse structure allows for a dynamic and fluid representation of the city, reflecting its constant movement and change. Sandburg does not shy away from the city's flaws, acknowledging its "distortion" and "brutality," but also celebrates its resilience and unyielding spirit. This duality offers a more nuanced exploration of American identity, one that recognizes both the beauty and complexity of the nation's urban centers. Despite their different approaches, both Whitman and Sandburg use vivid and evocative imagery to convey their respective visions of America. Whitman's images are pastoral and idyllic, emphasizing the natural beauty of the land and the noble simplicity of its people. In contrast, Sandburg's images are industrial and rugged, capturing the raw energy and dynamism of urban life. Both poets, however, share a deep reverence for the American spirit, celebrating the resilience, creativity, and diversity of its people. Their poems serve as complementary portraits of the nation, each highlighting different aspects of the American experience. Another point of comparison lies in the poets' use of tone. Whitman's tone is celebratory and affirmative, reflecting his unwavering belief in potential and..