Steelmaking(page 7)Steelmaking involves many different processes and can be very complex to produce. First, iron ore must be extracted from the ground before steel production can begin. From this steel extraction process it can then initiate the manufacturing process and begin the three vital stages needed to produce steel. First you need to produce a very intense heat source to melt the iron ore. After this stage the intense heat generated in the furnace is used to melt the iron ore. Then, in the third stage, molten iron is used to produce steel, this process will almost always take place in the same plant due to the intense heating and continuous production line-like process. Global steel production is highly dependent on coal, over 70% of steel produced. today we will use coal. Metallurgical coal or coking coal is a very important ingredient in the steel making process. In the global steelmaking process, approximately 1.4 billion tons were produced in 2010 and approximately 721 million tons of coking coal were used. Coking coal is a process used to help eliminate impurities and leave nearly pure carbon as the base material. The properties of coking coal cause the coal to soften, liquefy, and then solidify into hard, porous lumps when heated in the absence of air. The coke oven must also have a very low sulfur and phosphorus content, this is due to the fact that almost all metallurgical coal is used in coke ovens. At this point the coking process begins to be heated to around 1000 - 1100⁰C, in the absence of oxygen to eliminate any volatile compounds (pyrolysis). The coking process can take a long time in ovens, times are normally around 12 -36 hours. Once…the core of the paper…is as pure as possible, you can perform the required task as having the wrong formula alters the material's durability and strength quality. Protection of zinc metals by hot-dip or galvanizing. Zinc is traditionally used because it is cheap, adheres well to steel, and provides cathodic protection to the steel surface in the event of damage to the zinc layer. In more corrosive environments (such as salt water), cadmium plating is preferable. Galvanizing often fails at seams, holes and joints where there are gaps in the coating. In these cases, the coating still provides partial cathodic protection to the iron, acting as a galvanic anode and corroding in place of the protected metal underneath. The protective zinc layer is worn away by this action and therefore galvanizing only provides protection for a limited period of time.