CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the studyA nanoparticle is a small object that behaves as a whole unit in terms of transport and properties. Nanoparticle research is currently the most studied branch of science with the number of uses of nanoparticles in various fields. To date, metal nanoparticles are mostly prepared from noble metals including gold, silver and platinum (Yasmini, 2011). Particles have a wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical and electronic fields. Indeed, nanometric-sized materials and devices (1–100 nm) are already approved for clinical use and numerous products are being evaluated in clinical trials (Nuria et al. 2008). Some of the uses of nanoparticles in biology and medicine include biological detection of disease-causing organisms and diagnosis, detection of proteins, and distinguishing cancerous tissue from normal tissue. According to Nanolab (2013), there are two main characteristics of nanoparticles, namely their properties depend not only on the composition but also on their shape and size. For example, the light absorbed by gold and silver nanoparticles, which is one of the characteristics addressed in these background notes, can depend on their diameter and their shape (whether they are more or less pronouncedly round). Since shape and size can be controlled within certain limits, it is therefore possible to produce nanoparticles with predefined properties. For example, such particles can be tuned to absorb only light of a fixed color. The second is that nanoparticles have an extremely high surface-to-volume ratio S/V. Metallic nanoparticles exist... half the paper... there is a growing need to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly methods for the synthesis of nanomaterials. which do not use toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocols in order to avoid adverse effects in medical applications (Kannan et al. 2013). Therefore in this study we describe a cost-effective and environmentally friendly technique for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from AgNO3 solution through pandan leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. This plant is known to be rich in antioxidant molecules which we use as reducing agents.1.4 Research Objectivesi) Extract the leaves and roots of pandanus amaryllifolius as a biological reducing agent. ii) Characterize the Ag-NPs by UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy iii) Analyze the structure of the nanoparticles formed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).