The key to good research is preparation, preparation, and preparation. Therefore, the key to making good sampling choices is preparation. Trochim (2008) defines sampling as the extraction of a sample (a subset) from a population (the complete set). In our daily lives we all draw samples without realizing it. For example, when you decide to try an unfamiliar food or drink, it is a kind of tasting. Williams (2003 74) postulates that “Sampling is a search for typicality). On the other hand, (Clark: 2006 87) defines sampling as “a process of drawing a number of individual cases from a larger population”. According to (Chiromo: 2006 16), “a sample is a smaller group or subset of the population”. As Chiromo 2006: 17 correctly points out, there are two types of sampling techniques: probability and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling is the type of sampling that gives each member or unit of the population the opportunity to fairly choose to be included in the sample (Clark 2006: 18). In non-probability sampling, however, the units in the sample have an unknown probability of being included in the sample. Quantitative research uses both random and non-random sampling, although it is usually mistakenly believed that non-random sampling is reserved for qualitative research only. This article discusses different types of sampling techniques used in quantitative research. We start by looking at probability sampling (also known as random sampling) before discussing non-probability sampling (non-random sampling). The discussion concludes by reviewing considerations that should be made before selecting a sampling technique before concluding. Because quantitative researchers prefer probability sampling and use non-probability sampling only on rare occasions, in the midst of paper norms. Sampling is the act of choosing a smaller, more manageable subset of objects. or members of a population to include in an investigation to more easily study something about that population. In other words, sampling allows researchers to select a subset of objects or members of a population to represent the total population. Sampling is used in linguistic research when the objects or members (hereinafter simply objects or members, but not both) of a population are so numerous that investigating them all would be inconvenient. Quantitative researchers use both probability and nonprobability samples, but rely more heavily on probability because of its generalizability. When choosing sampling methods, it is necessary to consider the research objective, available resources, population, and legal and ethical requirements.
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