The Malayan Emergency was a battle between the British and the Malay Liberation Army. Despite being in a less focused Asian region in the 1940s and 1950s, the Emergency played an important role in British military history. This essay will focus on reviews of works done on the Malayan Emergency. The essay will also focus on the important factors believed to have been instrumental in Britain's victory over the insurgents: "Winning Hearts and Minds", the Korean War boom and General Templer. This essay will also focus on a lesser-known, but important, part of the Malayan Emergency: the biochemical warfare waged by the British against the insurgents. The Malayan Emergency, although it appeared to be between Britain and the Malayan Liberation Army (MNLA), was a battle involving more than just Britain and the MNLA. An important issue discussed in most of the essays and books is counterinsurgency or better known as COIN. One of the fundamental principles of COIN is the "winning of hearts and minds", as shown in the book Hearts and Minds: A People's History of Counterinsurgency edited by Hannah Gurman1. Of the approximately 90 books and articles, at least 15 touch on topics related to the Malaysian emergency. Winning hearts and minds is one of the most widely discussed topics when it comes to the Malaysian emergency. Winning hearts and minds is the concept of using non-military methods to prevail over the opposing force. Since then it has been repeated in history, from the Malaysian emergency to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Winning the hearts and minds of the people of Malaya was one of the main methods used by General Templer. The great emphasis placed on winning hearts and minds is seen in the following quote from General Templer, “the answer lies in…the center of the paper…in the photos below. The Malayan Emergency or the anti- The British National Liberation War, called by the Malayan National Liberation Army, was a major incident that occurred immediately after the Second World War. Britain had to prove that it still had power over its colonies despite having lost them to Japan during the war. The fight against the communists was also necessary as Malaya could be used as a base for the spread of communism in Southeast Asia if the communists won. At the same time, Great Britain had to realize its weakening power over the colonies and had to let the colonies be independent. Despite early setbacks, Britain was eventually able to triumph against the communists in Malaya. The factors discussed in this essay are seen as important factors, which contributed to the triumph of the British forces over the rebel communists in Malaya.