Many authors have attempted to understand the world as it is today, through the study of modernity and globalization. Appadurai, an Indian sociologist, defined globalization as “a new industrial revolution driven by powerful information and communication technologies that has just begun” (2006: 35). Its effects are dramatically different depending on geopolitical situations, peoples and countries. For richer countries it is a source of ever-increasing profits, both from a cultural, economic or financial point of view. In contrast, for the rest of the world, and, interestingly enough, for most of it, “it is a source of concern about inclusion, employment and deeper marginalization” (2006: 35) and through this feeling of marginalization is the great fear of being excluded from History itself. Globalization has begun to exacerbate the differences between rich and poor countries, between developed and less developed countries, blurring geographical boundaries. Along with the study of modernism and globalization, some theorists have raised the question of new forms of modern violence and its plausible relationship with modernity and globalization. In Fear of Small Numbers: An Essay on the Geography of Anger (2006), Arjun Appadurai presents a number of key explanations for how large-scale violence has increased in a global world, based on cultural motivations, considering that “borders weakened financial institutions, mobile identities, and fast-moving communication and transaction technologies together produce debates, both within and across national borders that hold new potentials for violence” (2006: 37). The author offers a series of explanations on the appearance of new and modern forms of violence. The main difference with violence from the center of the card is paradoxical. Even though the obsession with security is evident especially in Europe and the United States (i.e. in almost all the most developed countries) and can be explained both by economic deregulation and the rise of individualism, those are still the safest societies that can be found. Therefore, Bauman suggests the existence of a dynamic of fear, according to which fear is an internal process, in the sense that it almost does not need external factors to grow. It seems that the more precautions those states take against uncertainties, the more their view of the external world darkens, appearing more and more threatening and dangerous, leading them to adopt more and more defensive measures (2007:22). Works Cited Bauman Liquid Times: Living in an Age of Uncertainty 2007 Fear of Small Numbers: An Essay on the Geography of Anger (2006), Arjun Appadurai