Title In the book Train to Pakistan, author Khushwant Singh recalls the brutal and unfortunate times when Muslims were forced to leave Mano Majra. They, along with the Hindu and Sikh population, lived in relative peace. But when there was supposed to be a change, chaos ensued. There were several key individuals who shared total responsibility for the expulsion of Muslims from Mano Majra; While some had purer motives than others, everyone took note of the unfortunate process. Hakum Chand was one of the characters in the book responsible for the expulsion of Muslims. He did not actively involve himself in the expulsion of Muslims; he wanted to remove them to keep the peace. His intentions were never tinged with malice, but rather with complacency. He encouraged Muslims to submit to police orders. His philosophy was that even if you have a strong feeling about a topic, you should remain silent on the topic. In situations where it is best to speak out loud like this, Hakum Chand gave the dangerous advice to keep quiet and take what life throws at you. Another character responsible for the expulsion of Muslims was the refugee boy at the end of the novel. It wasn't so much the boy himself that drove the Muslims out of Mano Majra, but the fact that he was an allegory for the larger ideologies of the incoming Sikh and Hindu refugees. In Mano Majra Muslims were considered brothers of the Sikh and Hindu population and got along well. But for the Pakistani refugees who witnessed the atrocities committed by the Muslims, they were hardened individuals eager for revenge. They were no longer rational beings, but mad and bloodthirsty. The Muslims of the village knew that for this reason it was imperative to leave the v... middle of paper... worst of all, they saw the evil around them and did not even attempt to do so. to stop him. This is analogous to SS officers during Hitler's reign. When some officers were tried for war crimes, their defense was that they were acting under orders. It was an invalid defense in that case, as it is in this case. The police were aware of the harm they were doing and did not try to stand up and stop the hostility. Many different people and groups were responsible for the expulsion of Muslims. And although they all had no bad intentions or negative feelings, their actions directly influenced the course of events that led to the Muslims leaving Mano Majra. Perhaps if Iqbal had spoken out, or Hakum Chand had fought against his personal philosophy, the fate of the Muslims of Mano Majra would have been a little better and they would have continued to leave in peace..