Genetic DisordersMost people are related to or know someone who has some type of disability. Many of these disabilities are caused by genetic diseases. Genetic disorders can alter physical appearance and cause mild to severe mental retardation. Fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, Turners syndrome, and many other syndromes result from a mutation of a chromosome, an extra chromosome, or an insufficient number of chromosomes. Discovered in 1991, fragile X syndrome is considered a fairly new genetic disorder. According to the Fragile X Association, fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by the expansion or lengthening of the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, known as a genetic mutation. Fragile X occurs more in males than females. “Fragile X syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 4,000 males and 1 in 8,000 females.” The X chromosome is one of the two chromosomes that determine sex. When the gene stretches, it stops production of a protein involved in brain development and other functions. There are many different characteristics in individuals who have Fragile X. For example, they have narrow faces, large ears, and prominent jaws and foreheads. Most people with Fragile X can become very angry and experience severe anxiety. Furthermore, they are usually hyperactive and tend to be very restless, they don't seem to sit still, they are always moving and doing something. “About a third of individuals with fragile X syndrome have characteristics typical of autism spectrum disorders, which affect communication and social interaction.” Unlike many other syndromes, people with fragile X are expected to live an average lifespan and have fewer health problems. According to Genetics Home Reference, Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition associated with...... half of the document .. .... are still human beings and deserve to be treated as such. Every individual is affected by some type of disorder. Works Cited Schoenstadt, M.. Np. Network. March 12, 2014. .United States, National Library of Medicine,. NP Web. March 12, 2014. “Associated Conditions.” National Down Syndrome Society. Np, nd Web March 12, 2014. http://www.ndss.org/Resources/Health-Care/Associated-Conditions/ “Turner Syndrome.” - Reference for the house of genetics. Np, nd Web. 11 March 2014. .Schoenstadt. "History of Klinefelter syndrome". EMedTV: health information comes to life. Np, nd Web. March 11. 2014. .