This essay will focus on discussing the way people lived and the beliefs they had regarding God being the creator and controller of the universe during the Middle Ages or pre-modern times, first describing what premodernity then follows the dynamics of that time. This essay will therefore discuss Descartes, the father of modernity, along with other contributing philosophers, and how he changed the beliefs of the Middle Ages before the way people now see themselves as subjects who can give meaning to objects and are free to choose. whatever meaning they want to give to themselves and their surroundings. Before Descartes, people considered themselves creatures of God. This belief arose from the weight of choice we all face when trying to define ourselves. When considering the Middle Ages or pre-modernity, which is the long historical period preceding the Enlightenment, it is seen as a period characterized by religious faith, social hierarchy and political systems based on aristocracy and the dominance of agricultural production in the economy Kelly and Dreyfus (2011), in the Christian West, people's identities were determined by God, regardless of whether God existed or not Kelly and Dreyfus (2011). People could not help but experience themselves as determined or created by God Kelly and Dreyfus (2001), so much so that it never occurred to them that identity could be determined in any other way Kelly and Dreyfus (2011) . God controlled the structure of society as kings and queens ruled by divine right, meaning that God specifically chose them to be the rulers of society Kelly and Dreyfus (2011). This structure incorporated everyone as all people fell into one place in society...... middle of paper......le, which brought modernity; people began to have doubts about God and began to see themselves as subjects and givers of meaning to themselves and the objects around them, thus putting an end to this essay.1. Winfield, R. D. (2007). Modernity, religion and the war on terrorism. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company.2. Dubey, A. P. (2008). Modernity and the problem of cultural identity. New Delhi: Northern Book Center Publications3. Ferguson, H. (2000). Modernity and subjectivity. New York: University Press4. Schouls, A. P. (1989). Descartes and the Enlightenment. UK: University Press.5. Gilspie, M. A. (2008). The theological origins of modernity. Chicago: University Press.6. Broughton.J., & Carriero,J. (2011). Blackwell's Companion to Philosophy. UK: University Press.7. Dreyfus, H., & Kelly, S. D. (2011). All things shine. New York