Topic > Archeology Paper - 716

This paper examines a National Geographic news article related to early American history titled "On the way to the New World, the first Americans made a 10,000-year stop." The first Americans may have remained on the Bering land bridge after the separation from Siberia, which would explain some things about the genetic variations between the two groups. Why do research believe that the first Americans lived on the Bering Land Bridge? Are the reasons for believing this justified? This article attempts to answer those questions. This National Geographic news article is based on a recent study conducted by Dennis O'Rourke and two colleagues. The study by O'Rourke and colleagues suggests that early Americans may have lived on Beringia for 10,000 years. (Than, 2014) This idea is not new; It's called the Bearing Standstill Hypothesis. This hypothesis states that the first Americans probably lived elsewhere for a long period of time, after separating from the Siberian population, before landing in Alaska. (Than, 2014) The reasoning behind this hypothesis is that archaeological evidence shows that the oldest American site dates back to approximately 15,000 years ago, while genetic evidence shows that the first Americans separated from Siberia approximately 25,000 years ago. (Than, 2014) It was speculated that the first Americans lived in Beringia, but there was no archaeological evidence to support this speculation and Beringia was thought to be inhospitable. However, according to this article the study by O'Rourke and colleagues shows that Beringia could in fact have been hospitable. Examination of sediment cores in the Bering Sea and Alaskan swamps revealed that Beringia could have had trees such as birch, willow, spruce and alder, and scrubby shrubs. This setting, according to O'Rourke, causes the paper to start from Siberia and arrive in America. An argument against Feders' theory could have been; the first Americans did not come from Siberia because it takes about 25,000 years for DNA to change and the first Americans arrived about 13,000 years ago. This article shows that it is likely that the First Americans came from Siberia. This article also discusses the Clovis Culture, linking it to the First Americans through genetics. Feder also talks about the Clovis Culture in his book and highlights the debate over its origins. However, it appears that through genetic evidence showing that a young boy from the Clovis Culture shared DNA with early Americans, this debate will end. In conclusion, it seems very likely that the first Americans colonized Beringia for 10 millennia. This article presents good evidence for the stalemate hypothesis by objectively discussing other points of view.