Topic > Urban Planning - 1051

In the 20th century the world witnessed significant changes and an increase in the population of cities. Today, more than half of global inhabitants live in cities or towns (Clarke, 1980), and most modern cities around the world have similar economic structures and social interests (Sassen, 2001). The observer of these cities will notice that the common characteristics are much more than differences (Clark, 1996). Many recent studies recognize this phenomenon. One of the important studies examining and analyzing this phenomenon was conducted by Clark (1996). In his book "Urban World / Global City" he presents an analytical and comprehensive overview of the world as a global city. He attributes this phenomenon to economic reasons. In the past, local economies of countries were largely independent. Today these economies have merged and merged with the global economy. The world economy is controlled by a few Western countries where most of the technologies and innovations take place. So the Western model is predominant in cities, despite cultural, political and historical differences. What distinguishes the developed Western model presented by Clark is that changes in the physical environment and social pattern have taken longer, which gives both the national government and the community the opportunity to experience the changes and interact positively with the new developments (Berry, cited in Clark, 1996). On the other hand, rapid growth in developing countries has led to negative impacts on cities. Further investigations into urban form and changing social patterns in developing countries have been conducted by Isswai (2001). He believes the new changes began during the middle Easter...middle of the card......). “The Conflict Between Sharia Law, Land Planning and Development in Saudi Arabia.” Journal of Property Research 5(3): 231-238.Clark, D. (2003). Urban world/global city, Routledge.Clarke, J. (1980). “Contemporary Urban Growth.” The changing Middle Eastern city: 34.Costa, F. and A. Noble (1986). "Planning of Arab Cities". Geographic Review 76(2): 160-172. Greenshields, T. H. (1980). “Neighborhoods and Ethnicity.” Cities of the Middle East: 120.Gulick, J. (1980). "Village and City: Cultural Continuity in Twentieth-Century Middle Eastern Cultures." Cities of the Middle East: 122.Isswai, C. (1980). “Economic Change and Urbanization in the Middle East.” Cities of the Middle East: 102.Sassen, S. (1996). Losing Control?: Sovereignty in an age of globalization, Columbia Univ Pr.Sassen, S. (2001). The global city: New York, London, Tokyo, Princeton Univ Pr.