Sudan, located in Northeast Africa, is ranked 190th based on the number of migrants per thousand people with a total of -4, 44 migrants per thousand people. For about 12 years (from 2001 to 2013), Sudan faced many challenges that pushed its population to abandon its territory and push them to other places. These factors are known as push and pull factors. Although there are many challenges related to immigration, the results are more rewarding than they would have been in Sudan. After emigrating from Sudan, these Sudanese migrants also face long-term consequences due to their decision to move. There are multiple push and pull factors of this journey. The migration of the people of Darfur out of Sudan was a voluntary migration because the refugees wanted to move to better places and there were no laws to remove them from Sudan. A push factor was the fact that their homes were regularly searched. “Many Sudanese from marginalized areas such as South Sudan and Darfur live in camps on the edge of Khartoum. These are regularly raided by the police and the houses demolished, to relocate their inhabitants (without notice or right of appeal) further away into the deserts on the outskirts of the capital. They often do not have access to basic services such as water, shelter and transport." Although this was an attempt by the government to force the Sudanese from their homes, they could have stayed if they wanted, so it was a voluntary movement (Verney, pp. 14-15). Another factor could be that their homes would be attacked by Sudanese forces and the Janjaweed militia. “In 2003, two rebel movements in Darfur: the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and... half of the document...... 2013. .Licina, Dunja and Arunachalam Dharmalingam. "Cultural and economic adaptation of Sudanese refugee migrants in Melbourne: a case study of Dandenong". Np, nd Web. November 14, 2013. “Sudan.” Refugee International. Np, nd Web. November 14, 2013. “Sudanese refugees struggle against racism every day.” ReliefWeb. Np, nd Web. 14 November 2013. .Verney, Peter. “FMO Country Guide: Sudan.” Forced migration. Np, nd Web. .