Useful medicines and healing products have existed since before 0 BC, but how effective were they? Before 0BCE, many medical procedures that we still use today began. The first known surgery was performed around 2750 BC The Edwin Smith Papyrus was an Ancient Egyptian medical text that contained information containing the oldest known surgical treatise on trauma. The Edwin Smith Papyrus is considered a copy of several earlier works and was written in 1600 BC Other papyri such as the Kahun Gynecological Papyrus were written. The Kahun gynecological papyrus was known to cure women's ailments. The Kahun Gynecological Papyrus contained thirty-four cases detailing diagnosis and treatment. It is the oldest surviving medical text, written in 1800 BC. The first known physician was Hesy-Ra. Hesy-Ra was appointed chief of dentists and physicians to King Djoser in the 27th century BC. The first known female physician was Peseshet. Peseshet was titled "Lady Overseer of the Lady Physicians". Peseshet was also a teacher. She trained midwives at an ancient Egyptian medical school. Both Peseshet and Hesy-Ra practiced their studies in ancient Egypt. The oldest Babylonian texts date back to the 2nd millennium BC. However, the most extensive text produced by the Babylonians was the Diagnostic Manual, written by Esagil-kin-apli of Borsippa in 1069-1046 BC. The Diagnostic Manual introduced the methods of therapy and etiology. Diseases and other infectious diseases were treated with herbs, creams and bandages. The book was known for diagnosis and prognosis. It is said to check what disease or infection someone has, including symptoms and logical rules for determining what infectious disease someone has. Most people see this time… middle of the card… 800 and now. People invented microscopes and other useful objects to advance medical care. The surgery was first found before Christ and is now used throughout the world. Surgery not only helps broken or broken things, it just saves lives! Works Cited Wikipedia. "History of medicine". Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 November 2013. Web. 10 November 2013. Wikipedia. "History of surgery." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, January 11, 2013. Web. November 11, 2013. National Academy of Sciences. "The history of medicine." NCBI. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2006. Web. November 10, 2013. Gallagher, Patricia E. “History of Health Sciences Web Resources.” History of Health Sciences Web Resources. History of the MLA Health Sciences Section, n.d. Web. November 10, 2013. "History of Medicine 1919 to 1939." History of medicine from 1919 to 1939. Np, nd Web. 10 November. 2013.